Designing and Operating Passenger Vessels and Passenger Shore Infrastructure:
Guidance on Meeting the Needs of Persons with Reduced Mobility

Chapter 6: Passenger vessels of less than 500 GT or certificated to carry less than 250 passengers

1. When and how operators should follow these guidelines
   1.1. Vessels covered by these guidelines
   1.2. New and existing vessels
   1.3. Existing vessels

2. Signage, information and announcements
   2.1. General
   2.2. Signage
   2.3. Supplemental passenger briefing cards
   2.4. Safety announcements
   2.5. Information systems
   2.6. Written information
   2.7. Audible information
   2.8. Information for people with learning disabilities
   2.9. Dual sensory loss

3. Moving around the vessel
   3.1. Doors
   3.2. Corridors and passageways
   3.3. Lighting
   3.4. Lifts
   3.5. Platform and stair lifts
   3.6. Steps and stairs
   3.7. Ramps
   3.8. Handrails
   3.9. Onboard accommodation

4. Public spaces
   4.1. Public toilets onboard ships
   4.2 Unisex wheelchair-accessible nappy changing facilities
   4.3 Baby care facilities
   4.4 Restaurants, cafeterias and other public areas
   4.5 Passenger lounges and reception areas
   4.6 Wheelchair spaces on board high speed craft
   4.7 Assistance dogs arrangements
   4.8 First aid

5. Emergency evacuation from the vessel
   5.1. Safety management system
   5.2. Evacuation
   5.3. Accessible means of escape
   5.4. Alarms

1. When and how operators should follow these guidelines

1.1. Vessels covered by these guidelines

1.1.1 These guidelines are designed for passenger vessels of all types of less than 500 GT or certificated to carry less than 250 passengers, engaged in international or domestic voyages, and including ferries and cruise vessels.

1.1.2 Sea-going Passenger ships engaged in domestic public transport routes are bound by Directive 2003/24/EC and these guidelines are intended to assist in meeting the criteria set by article 6b and Annex III of the Council Directive 98/18/EC on safety rules and standards for passenger ships on domestic voyages.

1.1.3 It is recognized that certain services and facilities are unusual on board vessels of this size, however if provided and not referred to in this Chapter, the guidelines contained in Chapter 5 should be followed.

1.2. New and existing vessels

1.2.1 Although it is recognized that "Design of buildings and their approaches to meet the needs of disabled people - code of practice" (BS 8300:2001) and the building regulations "Part M Approved Document" were developed as standards for buildings, they contain many criteria that are just as applicable to accessibility features on passenger vessels. Therefore passenger vessel operators are recommended to refer to these standards and, where it is appropriate to do so, to adopt the technical and dimensional specifications contained in it.

1.2.2 It should be kept in mind that, in considering the needs of persons of reduced mobility, passenger vessel operators must continue to comply with the provisions of any safety regulation.

1.2.3 It should also be emphasised that this Guidance presents the minimum standards that passenger vessels operators are expected to meet. Operators are urged, however, to improve upon these standards wherever feasible and to consult with disability groups and regular users on locally specific issues when developing and testing new designs.

1.2.4 It is important that operators do not assume that the only way to make services accessible to disabled people is to make a physical alteration (such as installing a ramp or widening a doorway). Often minor measures such as allowing more time to serve a disabled customer, or serving at their location, will help disabled people to use a service. Disability awareness training for staff is also likely to be appropriate. However, physical alterations may be the only answer if other measures are not sufficient to overcome barriers to access.

1.3. Existing vessels

1.3.1 Operators of existing vessels should attempt to meet these standards where reasonable and practicable when undertaking any major conversion of passenger areas. Improvements to access could be considered as part of regular repair, maintenance, refurbishment and redecorations.

1.3.2 When refurbishment is being carried out operators are encouraged to incorporate new accessibility features, wherever possible, within the area undergoing refurbishment. This is in order not to present operators with a disincentive to incorporate accessibility features when carrying out refurbishment programmes.

2. Signage, information and announcements

2.1. General

2.1.1 Detailed design guidance on the provision and design of signs is available in the Sign Design Guide^[29] and Wayfinding^[30].

2.1.2 Signs and information should be in a style that can be used by persons with reduced mobility. In order to make signage as meaningful as possible the following criteria could be followed:

1. simplicity, as this also helps people with learning disabilities. Pictograms are a better option than writing;
2. signs should be reasonably close to, but not impeding, passenger circulation areas;
3. signs should encompass all the facilities within a particular area; and
4. emergency signage should also include provisions for people with disabilities.

2.1.3 Information should be made available in forms that are easy to understand. This will be particularly helpful for people with learning disabilities, those whose first language is not English and children. Signs and other material can be made easy for these groups to understand, or operators can produce alternative "easy read" versions of it.

2.1.4 Any signs used on board should not conflict with the requirements of IMO Resolution A760(18), which concerns signage symbols relating to life saving appliances and Resolution A654(16) which concerns graphical symbols for fire control plans.

2.1.5 Pictograms should be in accordance with ISO standards or common practice where an appropriate standard does not exist.

2.1.6 Where an accessible route does not coincide with a general circulation path directional signage to an accessible route should be provided.

2.1.7 Information and service areas should have Induction loops. The availability of these facilities should be clearly indicated by the appropriate pictogram. When provided these should be fitted and screened so as not to cause interference with the ship's navigation systems.

2.2. Signage

2.2.1 The operator should consider the suitability of providing the information in a variety of formats.

2.2.2 Signage should be positioned at key decisionmaking points. It should be positioned over the path of travel at a height well above head level, but in a manner that it can be seen easily by a person in a wheelchair.

2.2.3 Signage should be positioned to avoid shadow areas and glare.

2.2.4 Letters, numbers, symbols and pictographs should be glare-free and presented in high contrasting colours (e.g. a light colour on a dark background or a dark colour on a light background, with light on dark being preferable for signage).

2.2.5 Letters and numbers should be sans serif type, and numbers should use a clear font such as Helvetica medium san serif. Letters and numbers should have at least a width-to-height ratio between 3:5 and 1:1 and a stroke-width-to-height ratio between 1:5 and 1:10.

2.2.6 Improved recognition of word shapes and legibility may be achieved if the first word of each of the key words begins with a capital letter; subsequent words should begin with a lower case letter. Use of upper case only should be avoided.

2.2.7 For general direction signage the height of lettering for visual signs should be chosen to suit the type of sign and viewing distance as described in BS8300.

2.2.8 Size of letters should be related to the distance from which the sign will usually be read. The Sign Design Guide recommends the following character sizes:

• Long distance reading, for example at building entrances, a minimum size of 150 mm;
• Medium range reading, for example direction signs in corridors, a size of 50- 100 mm; and
• Close up reading, for example wall mounted information signs, a size of 15-25 mm.

2.2.9 Tactile signs are essential for people with no sight at all or those whose vision is only sufficient to locate a sign but not distinguish individual characters.

2.2.10 Characters on tactile signs should be embossed, not engraved, and should be raised from the sign's background by 1-1.5 mm with a stroke width of 1.5-2 mm. The signs should be located so that they can comfortably be touched; an ideal height range is between 1,400 mm and 1,700 mm from the floor, with a maximum horizontal stretching distance of 500 mm.

2.2.11 Portable signs should be mounted on a stable structure designed to assist those who are longcane or assistance-dog users.

2.2.12 Audible signs should be considered, as they are of particular use to blind and partially sighted people, as should dynamic electronic signs for people who are deaf or hearing impaired.

2.2.13 Operators should consider making available tactile plans of the vessel where considered appropriate. Safety plans, when displayed, should be at a height suitable for all passengers.

2.3. Supplemental passenger briefing cards

2.3.1 Where passengers receive a personal briefing, operators should provide large print and Braille supplemental passenger briefing cards on a vessel.

2.3.2 A sufficient number of these cards (at least two per deck is recommended) should be made available in 14 point or larger sans serif type with dark characters on a light background and in Braille.

2.3.3 All passenger briefing cards should be written in plain easy to read English.

2.3.4 Many people with poor eyesight will be able to read large print. Large print is easy and simple to produce on most standard word processors and printers. Legibility is enhanced by using black type on off white or pale yellow paper. If coloured text is to be used, it should be in a dark tone.

2.4. Safety announcements

2.4.1 Safety announcements should be given over the public address system before leaving the berth, including details of emergency arrangements such as the use of lifejackets, and should be complemented by a simultaneous video (with subtitles) or written notes, wherever practicable. The announcement must identify the location of safety instruction information.

2.4.2 Audible safety announcements to passengers, when used, should be made in a clear voice with good diction. Announcements should be well structured, with the key words at the beginning to attract attention. Use plain language and avoid jargon and technical terms. Spoken announcements should be preceded by a tone to attract attention, for those with a high degree of sight impairment.

2.4.3 If the operator makes safety announcements to passengers such as announcements concerning delays, schedule changes, and on-board services, the operator should have the means onboard the vessel of visually and verbally providing these announcements to persons with reduced mobility.

2.4.4 Pen and paper should be made available at all formal points of contact between crew and passengers, in order to facilitate communication of a more personal nature.

2.4.5 There are some circumstances where specific safety announcements might need to be made for the benefit of disabled people. For example on some, particularly the smaller vessels, disabled people may have to wait for a member of staff to operate a lift. In such cases a specific embarkation and disembarkation message for disabled people may be appropriate.

2.4.6 Evacuation arrangements vary considerably between ships, and crews should take part in regular exercises to train them in assisting disabled passengers.

2.5. Information systems

2.5.1 The operator should consider the suitability of providing information in a variety of formats.

2.5.2 Public areas fitted with public address broadcast systems should have Induction loops. When provided these should be fitted and screened so as not to cause interference with the ship's navigation systems.

2.5.3 Visual Display Units (VDU)^[31] ,if fitted, should be positioned at a height where a disabled passenger can get very close and should have the following design features:

1. screens should be non-reflective;
2. character size should be at least 35 mm;
3. If the signs are dynamic, the message should change or scroll slowly;
4. suitable contrasting colours should be used;
5. text in a bright and clear font (Note red text on a black background should not be used) and
6. the screen surrounds should provide good contrast.

2.5.4 In addition, travel emergency information and all essential information should be provided through clear audible announcements and clear visual displays.

2.6. Written information

2.6.1 Vessel operators could make leaflets available on request to disabled people covering the facilities onboard. Such written material should conform to the RNIB clear print guidelines in "See It Right".

2.6.2 Many people with poor eyesight will be able to read large print. Large print is easy and simple to produce on most standard word processors and printers. Legibility is enhanced by using black type on off white or pale yellow paper. If coloured text is to be used, it should be in a dark tone.

2.7. Audible information

2.7.1 Audible announcements to passengers, when used, should be made in a clear voice with good diction. Announcements should be well structured with the key words at the beginning to attract attention. Use plain language and avoid jargon and technical terms. Spoken announcements should be preceded by a tone to attract attention, for those with a high degree of sight impairment.

2.7.2 There are some circumstances where specific announcements might need to be made for the benefit of disabled people. For example on some, particularly smaller, vessels, disabled people may have to wait for a member of staff to operate a lift. In such cases a specific embarkation and disembarkation message for disabled people may be appropriate.

2.7.3 Many organisations around the country have good quality recording and production equipment, such organisations include the RNIB and many local associations for blind and partially sighted people.

2.8. Information for people with learning disabilities

2.8.1 Information should be made available in formats that are easy to understand. This will be particularly helpful for people with learning disabilities. Signs and other material can be made easy to understand and operators can produce alternative "easy read" versions of it.

2.8.2 The Disability Rights Commission has published two guides to "Good Signs" and "How to use easy words and pictures".

2.9. Dual sensory loss

2.9.1 A small number of people have both a hearing and visual impairment. They will not be able to access information by any of the means listed above other than 'possibly' Braille. It is recommended that, where reasonable, members of staff receive training in use of the deafblind alphabet. This is a simple system, which can be easily learnt. As a member of staff is unlikely to use a deaf blind alphabet regularly, they could carry an instruction card to assist them. Further advice is given in RNIB's "See It Right".

3. Moving around the vessel

3.1. Doors

3.1.1 Doorways on a vessel should be wide enough to accommodate a person in a wheelchair and should have enough space on both sides of the door to manoeuvre a wheelchair.

3.1.2 Doors should have a clear minimum opening width of 800 mm and be fitted with vision panels.

3.1.3 Doors should:

1. be fitted with a push plate or 'L'- or 'D'-shaped handles;
2. have door handles, pulls, latches, locks and other operational devices should be operable with one hand and require a maximum operable force of 30 N;
3. not require fine finger control, tight grasping, pinching or twisting of the wrist; and
4. be mounted at a height that permits use by a person in a wheelchair and be colour contrasted from their surrounding area.

3.1.4 Revolving doors and revolving turnstiles should not be an exclusive part of an accessible route.

3.1.5 Full length glass doors or windows should be marked with colour contrasting decals. Refer to Building Regulations part N.

3.1.6 Doors to cabins, toilets and other enclosed spaces which have no other exit doors should not be equipped with deadbolts or other means of security which can only be manipulated from the inside. As an alternative they should be equipped with an easily manipulated push-lock door knob that can be opened from the outside with a master key.

3.1.7 The distance between two hinged or pivoted doors in series should be at least 1340 mm plus the width of any door swinging into the space. Doors in series should swing either in the same direction or away from the space between the doors.

3.1.8 If door sills are necessary, they should be levelled or ramped on a permanent or movable basis and should be marked with a colour contrasting strip.

3.1.9 If sliding doors are used, these operational devices should be exposed and usable from both sides when in a fully open position.

3.1.10 In passenger related areas crew members should be available to assist passengers with the use of watertight doors or self-closing firerated doors.

3.2. Corridors and passageways

3.2.1 Corridors and passageways should be wide enough to allow people with reduced mobility to pass others on the route.

3.2.2 Wheelchair users should also have access to adjacent rooms and spaces, be able to pass other people and where necessary turn through 180°.

3.2.3 In order to help people with visual impairment, there should be a visual contrast between the bulkhead and the deck.

3.2.4 Acoustic design should be employed so that announcements and conversations can be heard clearly.

3.2.5 Corridors and passageways onboard should have:

1. a minimum clear headroom of 1980 mm from the deck;
2. a clear width of 1800 mm to allow two wheelchair users to pass each other;
3. a minimum width of 1200 mm; and
4. a turning circle of 1800 mm diameter at a corridor junction acts as a passing place and allows a wheelchair user to turn and return in the other direction (see BS8300 for further guidance on dimensions and space allowances for corridors).

3.2.6 Any barriers necessary for safety reasons should be colour contrasted from their surrounding area.

3.2.7 Floor surfaces should:

• be slip-resistant;
• be glare free as far as practicable; and
• avoid finishes with patterns that could be mistaken for steps or changes of level.

3.2.8 If carpeting is used it should be securely attached. It should have a short pile and a firm underlay or no underlay at all.

3.3. Lighting

3.3.1 Lighting onboard, except reading and other lighting under the control of a passenger, should be directed and controlled so as to minimize glare and shadows.

3.3.2 Different lighting levels can be used to differentiate one area from another. For example, brighter lights can be used over circulating areas and pedestrian routes and a lower lighting level over waiting areas.

3.3.3 In some areas adjustable levels of lighting could be helpful - for example any transition zone at the entrance to the vessel.

3.3.4 Lighting should not result in any sharp contrasts in intensity throughout the vessel but should be used to accentuate stairs and their handrails.

3.3.5 Care should be taken to assure that the position and intensity of lighting will not adversely affect the bridge visibility and navigation of the vessel at night.

3.3.6 Where crew need to communicate with passengers there should be sufficient light to enable those passengers who lip read to do so.

3.3.7 In any alleyways and corridors light fittings should be positioned well above head level.

3.3.8 Floor level and low level lighting should not be used except where required by UK Merchant Shipping Passenger Ship Construction Regulations to indicate escape routes, stairways and exits. Such lighting used in other circumstances can be disorientating and confusing to visually impaired people. Discotheques are an exception to this.

3.4. Lifts

3.4.1 A passenger lift is the most suitable means of vertical access However, given the space constraints in some vessels, other options may need to be considered to assist persons with reduced mobility.

3.4.2 A passenger lift that provides service from a vehicle deck to all the passenger decks except for the uppermost, open deck should be provided wherever possible.

3.4.3 Lifts, as a rule, do not go to the uppermost open deck. The lift cabin must have a housing to enclose it completely to protect it and the mechanical lifting device from the elements.

3.4.4 Signs should be posted at each lift explaining that there may be times when the lift may not be operational due to conditions where the ship's roll exceeds the lift manufacturer's safe operating criteria. Passengers should be directed to alternative routes or to locations where assistance is available.

3.4.5 Alleyways and corners on the approaches to and exits from customer lifts should be wide enough for all lift users, with an unobstructed space for manoeuvring of at least 1800 mm by 1800 mm on bends and corners for wheelchair users.

3.4.6 Seating should be provided close to lift entrances for waiting passengers who cannot stand for long periods. Care should be taken to ensure that such seating does not obstruct access to the lift or evacuation routes and a clear space of 1500 mm by 1500 mm is required in front of the lift doors.

3.4.7 Lift doors should be clearly indicated in a colour/tonal contrast with the surrounding wall. A horizontal handrail should be provided on at least one wall of the lift with its top surface at 900 mm (nominal) above the floor and located so that it does not obstruct the controls of the lift.

3.4.8 The lift cabin walls should not be reflective (with exception of a mirror). If walls are of a metal finish they should provide adequate contrast to indicate the position of the controls and handrails.

3.4.9 Plain glass should be avoided because it can cause confusion to visually impaired people, but lift doors (except for those which are fire doors) should have sufficient glazing to enable lift users to be seen clearly from outside and vice versa. Lift floors should be covered with non-slip material.

3.4.10 The lift interior should be lit to similar levels as those floors at which it calls.

3.4.11 The landing call buttons and car controls should be located between 900 mm and 1100 mm from the floor of the landing and at least 400 mm from any return wall.

3.4.12 Car controls should be located between 900 mm and 1100 mm from the car floor and at least 400 mm from any return wall. There should be nothing protruding more than 100 mm from the wall below the buttons. The buttons themselves should be at least 20 mm in width/height, slightly raised from their surroundings, and capable of being operated by using the palm of the hand as well as the fingers, and internally illuminated.

3.4.13 Floor numbers and other control information should be clearly visible in contrasting colours/tones with raised characters/numerals, in both text and Braille. There should be a visual and audible acknowledgement that a call has been registered, when the lift arrives and which lift it is (if there is more than one).

3.4.14 Within the lift audio and visual information should indicate the direction the lift will travel in and the floor reached. To assist visually impaired users and mobility impaired people audible announcements complemented by visual indication should be given both inside and outside the lift when the doors are opening and closing and when the floor has been reached.

3.4.15 Emergency buttons (with an embossed tactile legend) should be placed at the bottom of the control panel not less than 890-900 mm above the floor.

3.4.16 A two-way emergency communication system should be provided between the lift and a point outside with the highest part of the system between 1200 and 1220 mm from the lift floor.

3.4.17 Lifts should be fully automatic and be fitted with automatic alignment devices. The gap between the lift sill and the deck floor should not interfere with the movement of a wheelchair.

3.4.18 Lift doors systems should be designed to allow adequate time for people and any assistance dogs to enter or leave the lift without coming into contact with closing doors.

3.4.19 Lifts onboard existing vessels if crew operated need not follow the criteria set in: 3.4.11, 3.4.12, 3.4.13, 3.4.15, 3.4.16, 3.4.17.

Lift dimensions

3.4.20 Lift door(s) should open to a clear width of at least 850 mm except where space constraints or physical design prevent it.

3.4.21 It is recommended that lifts should have internal dimensions of not less than 2000 mm wide by 1400 mm deep. This will accommodate one wheelchair user and several other passengers and also allows a wheelchair user or a person with a walking frame to turn through 180°.

3.4.22 The suggested minimum space requirement for a lift which accommodates one wheelchair user and one accompanying person is 1100 mm wide by 1400 mm deep. Crew members operating these lifts should be appropriately trained in customer care and disability awareness.

3.4.23 Larger lift cars may require the fitting of control panels on either side of the doors designed to the specifications given in the above section.

3.5. Platform and stair lifts

3.5.1 These devices are only recommended for existing vessels.

3.5.2 The equipment should conform to BS5776 or BS 6440. Deck and ramps should be on non-slip surfaces.

3.5.3 Lift should be equipped with a platform grab rail.

3.5.4 Proper procedures should be in place for the operation of the stair lift and the assistance to the passenger.

3.5.5 The store location of the platform should not obstruct or hinder evacuation routes.

3.5.6 Further guidance on lifts is available in BS 8300 and Building Regulations Part M.

3.6. Steps and stairs

3.6.1 The steps should be of uniform dimensions. Fewer than 3 or more than 12 risers should be avoided.

3.6.2 A contrasting stair nosing should be provided on each and every step. The nosing should extend the full width of the step, approximately 50- 60 mm depth on the tread and the riser. The nosing should contrast in tone and colour with the step finishing materials.

3.6.3 Hazard warning tactile surfacing should be used at the top and bottom of the steps in accordance with the Department for Transport guidelines "Guidance on the Use of Tactile Paving Surfaces".

3.6.4 A handrail of a contrasting colour to the bulkhead should be provided on each side of the steps. A central double handrail is desirable on wide staircases (over 2000 mm). The handrails should be of a rounded cross-section, diameter between 45-50 mm and at a height of 1000 mm above the nose of the steps or 900 mm above the pitch line. The handrails should be extended horizontally 300 mm beyond the top and bottom steps.

3.6.5 The underside of the staircase should be enclosed or protected to prevent people walking underneath the staircase and sustaining head injuries. Open sides should be avoided; if used balustrades, cross-rails or similar should be installed.

3.6.6 Stairs should have closed risers. Open risers can become trip hazards and disorientate people.

3.6.7 Lighting should be provided specifically to illuminate the staircase. It is not acceptable to assume that adequate lighting will spill over from other areas.

3.6.8 At half landings, where the direction of travel changes, a 90° or 180° turn should be provided. Handrails should always be continuous across or around half landings. Hazard warning tactile surfacing is not required on half landings.

3.6.9 Wherever possible, curved or spiral staircases should be avoided.

3.6.10 Except where physical constraints prevent it, the maximum rise of a flight of steps between landings should be that of the height between decks. Resting areas should be a minimum size of 1200 mm by 1200 mm, although 1800 mm by 1800 mm is preferred. The minimum width of stairs between handrails should be 1200 mm. To assist visually impaired people a colour or tonal change to the surface at the top and bottom of each flight of stairs is useful to complement the corduroy paving.

3.7. Ramps

3.7.1 Longitudinal slopes and ramps should be kept as shallow as possible, and of consistent gradient and the ramp surface should be slip resistant (especially when wet).

3.7.2 Where the change in level is 300 mm or more, 2 or more clearly signposted steps should be provided in addition to the ramp.

3.7.3 Stepped ramps (ramps incorporating one or more steps) should not be used.

3.7.4 All landings should be as level as possible, subject to a maximum gradient of 1:60 along their length.

3.7.5 There should be support at both sides of the ramp.

3.7.6 Other persons with mobility impairments may need to use a ramp. These points add the necessary features:

1. frictional characteristics of the landings and the ramp should be similar;
2. a colour contrast between the landings and the ramp;
3. areas below stairs or ramps where the soffit is less than 2.1 m above ground level should be protected by guarding and low level cane detection, or a permanent barrier giving the same degree of protection.

3.7.7 Where ramps are required in order to give access over a door sill (e.g. Load line Requirement) then care must be taken not to allow this to become a tripping hazard to other passengers.

3.7.8 Staff assistance should also be available, when required.

3.8. Handrails

3.8.1 People who have physical difficulty in negotiating changes of level need the help of a slip resistant handrail that preferably provides good forearm support.

3.8.2 Handrails should:

• be round, with a diameter of 40-45 mm and no sharp bends;
• have a minimum clearance of 60 to 75 mm between handrails and any adjacent surface;
• have an easy to grip non-slip surface, in a colour which provides a clearly visible contrast (in both colour and tone) with the background against which it is seen; and
• return to the wall, floor or post in a smooth curve or have a tactile cue at the end. The method used should be consistent throughout the ship.

3.9. Onboard accommodation

3.9.1 It is recognised that cabins are a rare arrangement on these size of vessel. If they are provided, the guidelines given for this purpose in Chapter 5, 4.1, 4.2, 4.3 are applicable.

4. Public spaces

4.1. Public toilets onboard ships

4.1.1 Accessible toilets should be designed in accordance with BS8300 and. Building Regulations Part M.

4.1.2 On new vessels a unisex accessible toilet with one WC and one sink on each deck should be accessible to persons with reduced mobility.

4.1.3 On existing vessels at least one accessible toilet for each gender with one WC and one sink, but preferably one gender neutral accessible toilet with one WC and one sink on each accessible deck should be provided for persons with reduced mobility.

4.1.4 Toilets suitable for disabled people can be provided by a specially designed cubicle in separate sex toilet washrooms or a selfcontained unisex toilet. Unisex toilets are the preferred option for wheelchair users because, if necessary, a carer or partner of a different sex can enter to give assistance.

4.1.5 Where space is limited the provision of a wheelchair accessible toilet of unisex design should be provided to cater for all needs with less demand on space.

4.1.6 On each deck accessible unisex toilets should be provided wherever practicable.

4.1.7 Where more than one unisex toilet is available, a choice of layouts designed for left-hand and right-hand transfer should be provided.

4.1.8 The following design recommendations give general guidance on the provision of accessible toilets. For specific guidance on the provision of toilets refer to design guidance in BR Pt M and BS8300 and inclusive mobility.

4.1.9 The toilet should afford privacy to a person in a wheelchair.

4.1.10 Toilet Signage

• Toilets should have their location indicated by directional signage and by a sign positioned perpendicular to the path of travel; and
• Toilets should be identified by the international symbol of access in pictograph and tactile form by or on the toilet door.

4.1.11 Toilet doors

Toilet doors should have a clear minimum opening width of 925 mm and be fitted with 'L' or 'D' shaped handles on the outside of the door. A horizontal closing bar should be fixed to the inside face of an outward opening door and the lock should be large and easy to operate.

4.1.12 Toilet floors/walls

1. The toilet should have a floor space that permits manoeuvring of a wheelchair and have a height and location that allows easy transfer for a person in a wheelchair;
2. The floor should be slip resistant and selfdraining; and
3. There should be good a good level of colour/tonal contrast between floor and walls door and walls and between the toilet, washbasin and other fittings and their surroundings. Shiny surfaces are confusing for visually impaired people and should be avoided.

4.1.13 Unisex wheelchair accessible toilet

• The overall size of the toilet cubicle and key dimensions regarding the location of sanitary and other fittings should be as shown in fig (x) on page 91 (illustrations will be inserted in final document);
• Where more than one WC is provided the opportunity should be taken to provide both left and right hand transfer layout, with the handing indicated by a touch legible pictogram; and
• Corner WC's should have the position of the hand basin and other accessories placed to allow a person to wash and dry hands while seated on the WC. The accessories should be suitable for single-handed use.

4.1.14 WC

• The seat, the lid on the WC and any handholds should be coloured to contrast with the adjacent parts;
• A flushing lever attached to the WC cistern is preferable to a chain pull. The flush control should be operable on the transfer side of the toilet with a closed fist and minimal force, or be electronically or automatically controlled;
• A back support should be provided where there is no seat lid or tank, and a toilet paper dispenser within reaching distance that does not interfere with the grab bars;
• A colostomy changing shelf should be provided to the side of the WC pan; and
• Additional fittings such as sanitary towel and incontinence pad dispensers and disposal bins should be positioned so as not to encroach onto the wheelchair turning space or transfers to and from the WC pan.

4.1.15 Grab rails

1. In corner layouts there should be fixed support rails; one set horizontally above the floor on the wall at the side of the WC and two vertical rails set either side of the wash basin. If the WC cistern is a duct or at high level a horizontal grab rail (with a back rest) should be fitted behind the WC;
2. Grab rails should:
• Be round, with a diameter of 40-45 mm and no sharp bends
• Have a minimum clearance of 60 to 75 mm between grab rails and any adjacent surface
• Have an easy to grip non-slip surface, in a colour which provides a clearly visible contrast (in both colour and tone) with the background against which it is seen
• Return to the wall, floor or post in a smooth curve or have a tactile cue at the end.

4.1.16 Wash hand basin

1. A wall mounted hand wash basin should be positioned on the side closest to the WC such that it is usable for hand washing by a person in a wheelchair or a person standing. The trap should be offset to the rear to ensure that the knee-space is clear of obstructions. If this is not possible the trap should be insulated to prevent heat injuries to the legs;
2. Independent wash basins should enable access for wheelchair users and to enable feet and footrests to move under the wash basin when the wheelchair is turned. Where possible vertical support rails should be fixed each side of the wash basin;
3. Taps and other controls on the sink should be colour contrasted from their surrounding area. Lever operated mixer taps should be provided of a type that are operable with a closed fist and minimal force, or taps that are electronically or automatically controlled;
4. Where appropriate, an automatic water supply activated by placing hands under the tap should be provided; and
5. Accessories such as soap dispensers, towel dispensers and waste receptacles, should be easy to use and positioned such that they are usable by a person seated or in a wheelchair. Accessories should colour contrast from their surrounding area and be identified by tactile markers.

4.1.17 Mirrors

Mirrors should:

1. be located above washbasins or counters and mounted with the bottom edge of the reflecting surface 1000 mm maximum above the floor;
2. not located above washbasins or counters shall be mounted with the bottom edge of the reflecting surface 600 mm maximum above the floor, as this is suitable for wheelchair users and ambulant disabled people; and
3. have a coat hook provided at a level that can be reached by a wheelchair user, as well as one set at a more convenient height.

4.1.18 Emergency alarm

1. An emergency alarm or call for assistance cord (coloured red) that is colour contrasted from its surrounding area should be provided and positioned so that it is usable by a person in a wheelchair, is operable with one hand and minimal force. Two large pull handles should be attached to the cord, between 800 mm and 1000 mm and the other at 100 mm above floor level;
2. The emergency call cord system should send a signal that can reach staff at all times in an emergency. An emergency assistance alarm indicator outside a WC compartment should be located so that it is easily seen and heard by people able to give assistance and indicates where help is required; and
3. The reset control for the emergency assistance alarm should be clearly marked as such and reachable from both a wheelchair and the WC.

4.1.19 Enlarged cubicle in a separate-sex toilet washroom

1. The provision of an enlarged cubicle in a separate-sex toilet washroom can be of benefit to people with reduced mobility who need an enlarged space;
2. The WC compartment should be fitted with support rails, and include a minimum activity space to accommodate people who use crutches, or otherwise have impaired leg movements;
3. Where a separate-sex toilet washroom can be accessed by wheelchair users, it should be possible for them to use both a urinal, where appropriate, and a washbasin at a lower height than is provided for other users. Consideration should be given to providing a low level urinal for children in male washrooms; and
4. More detailed guidance on appropriate sanitary and other fittings is given in BS8300 and Inclusive Mobility.

4.2 Unisex wheelchair-accessible nappy changing facilities

4.2.1 Unisex wheelchair-accessible nappy changing facilities should be provided.

4.2.2 The nappy-changing facilities should be separate from the wheelchair accessible toilet. In existing vessels where this is not possible, a nappy-changing shelf can be provided in existing accessible toilets.

4.3 Baby care facilities

4.3.1 It is not acceptable for reasons of hygiene to have babies fed in a toilet therefore baby care facilities should be provided. This could either be a separate room or a screened-off area.

4.4 Restaurants, cafeterias and other public areas

4.4.1 Assistance dogs must be permitted into restaurants, catering and other public areas.

4.4.2 In self-service facilities the design should reflect the mobility and information needs of people with reduced mobility. For example clear pricing displays will benefit deaf, hard-of-hearing and visually impaired passengers so that they will not have to enquire.

4.4.3 Displays should be at an appropriate height for a passenger in a wheelchair.

4.4.4 A self service area should have a continuous counter system at a height of 850 mm to allow a disabled person to manoeuvre a tray. The counter should ideally terminate at the cash register and cutlery rack.

4.4.5 Cash registers should provide information in visual formats.

4.4.6 Service areas and counters should be accessible to people with reduced mobility, including wheelchair users. For service counters, there should be at least one section set at a height suitable for wheelchair users. In existing vessels, passengers of reduced mobility could be identified and assisted if required as a solution to this rather than refitting the area.

4.4.7 The height of drinking water fountains, where provided, should also accommodate the needs of passengers in wheelchairs.

4.4.8 Where there are dedicated seating areas for eating, there should be a designated seating area that is wheelchair accessible with adequate space for manoeuvring.

4.4.9 Tables, if rectangular, should have rounded corners.

4.4.10 A proportion of chairs should not be fitted with armrests.

4.4.11 To assist partially sighted people the furniture should contrast in colour and tone with surrounding surface materials, e.g. carpets and walls.

4.4.12 When existing vessels under go refurbishment (e.g. of soft furnishing) they are expected to follow the standard laid down herein.

4.5 Passenger lounges and reception areas

4.5.1 If counters for serving the public are provided onboard, they should have:

1. at least one section that is of a height and surface that permits use by a person in a wheelchair and gives sufficient clear knee space below the counter for a wheelchair user to come right up to the counter;
2. no obstructions that could impede verbal or visual communications between the person and the counter personnel;
3. induction loops for people who use hearing aids (signs indicating availability of induction equipment should be displayed);
4. counter surfaces with a non-glare finish and colour contrasted from their surrounding area.

4.5.2 When designing furniture layout within public spaces operators should, in addition to complying with statutory regulations, provide facilities for people with reduced mobility, such as a combination of fixed or moveable seats (within the Regulations), armrests, suitable heights, etc.

4.5.3 Any permanent wheelchair spaces should be designed in the ratio of at least one per hundred passengers so that the wheelchair user may travel sitting in the wheelchair together with other passengers. At least one of these spaces should be provided. It should be possible to place the wheelchair safely in position.

4.5.4 At least 4% of the seating in each lounge should have a design and an adjacent clear floor space that permit easy transfer of a person to and from a wheelchair. The floor space should be large enough for an Assistance Dog to lie down. This seating should be designated by signage to give priority use to persons with reduced mobility.

4.5.5 Any handholds should be marked in a contrasting colour.

4.5.6 For the purpose of safety new passenger ships should, to the extent practicable, be designed in such a way that there is barrier free passage for passengers with reduced mobility both in public spaces and along escape routes to assembly stations. If the leg space available in the seats available for persons with reduced mobility does not have enough room for persons with stiff legs, the seat in front of the designated seat should be a removable one. If seats are arranged in rows, any armrests which may constitute an obstruction to a disabled person should be of a type that can fold away.

4.5.7 Any seats for passengers with reduced mobility should be situated near evacuation routes, assembly areas and suitable toilets.

4.5.8 On passenger vessels, in the event of weather giving rise to danger for wheelchair users, the operator and the wheelchair users should ensure, where possible, transfer from their wheelchairs into secured seats and the securing of the wheelchair itself. Alternatively, appropriate wheelchairrestraining deck clamp systems should be available.

4.6 Wheelchair spaces on board high speed craft

4.6.1 A wheelchair space should be sufficient to enable any passenger in a wheelchair to travel facing the bow of the vessel and to be provided with a wheelchair user restraint system which should comprise the option of a full harness (both shoulders and a lap belt) and should be suitable for general wheelchair application (including children's wheelchairs).

4.6.2 Any wheelchair restraint system should comply with the requirements of Annex 9 of the International Code of Safety for High-Speed Craft (HSC) Code, 1994 or Annex 10 of the International Code of Safety for High-Speed Craft (HSC) Code, 2000 as applicable or amended.

4.6.3 Any wheelchair user restraint or wheelchair restraint system fitted to a wheelchair space should be capable of being easily released in the case of an emergency.

4.7 Assistance dogs arrangements

4.7.1 Where appropriate for voyages over 10 hours, vessel operators should provide assistance dog owners with a designated area where the dog could be offered the opportunity to relieve itself during an extended trip. See Chapter 5 - 5.12.

4.8 First aid

4.8.1 Operators should decide their first-aid policy and make appropriate arrangements to ensure that in the event of a disabled passenger becoming ill they can be given the same attention, including access to any first-aid rooms, as any other passenger.

5. Emergency evacuation from the vessel

5.1. Safety management system

5.1.1 The safety management system of the company should directly address the safety of any passengers with reduced mobility with regard to the normal operation of the vessel and in case of an emergency.

5.1.2 The operator should determine the number of passengers with reduced mobility, or how many as a proportion of the total passengers, that can be safely carried on board, under normal operating conditions, with due consideration to emergency situations.

5.2. Evacuation

5.2.1 In an emergency on board a passenger ship most passengers are expected to be able to evacuate themselves from any passenger accommodation to the assembly and embarkation deck. The integration of persons with restricted mobility - including infirm, very young, elderly and disabled persons - with the other passengers should be achieved wherever possible, and given special consideration when designing a passenger ship and preparing contingency plans for such a ship.

5.2.2 In an emergency situation, reduced mobility passengers may be physically assisted into live saving appliances, whilst having due regard to the safety of all on board in order that the evacuation process maintains the highest level of control and speed.

5.3. Accessible means of escape

5.3.1 For the purpose of safety new passenger ships should, to the extent practicable, be designed in such a way that there is barrier free passage for passengers with reduced mobility both in public spaces and along escape routes to assembly stations.

5.3.2 All accessible spaces should be provided with an accessible means of escape. Where more than one means of escape is required from any accessible space (public areas), each should be served by at least two accessible means of escape.

5.3.3 At exit stairways and lifts serving an accessible space, but not serving as an accessible means of escape, directional signs indicating the location of the accessible means of escape should be provided.

5.3.4 To consider a lift as part of an accessible means of escape a source of emergency power should be provided.

5.3.5 Crew members should be adequately trained in the deployment and use of any device intended to assist in the evacuation of persons with reduced mobility.

5.4. Alarms

5.4.1 The alarm system should be visual and audible and, when activated, display and sound continuously in all public places and accessible cabins.

5.4.2 Visual alarms should be a flashing light that is strategically placed and significantly brighter than the ambient light.

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Published: 11 September 2007 | Copyright disclaimer | Content disclaimer | © Crown copyright 2008